IS IT CONSERVATIVE TO HELP THE DETROIT 3? [Get the
latest “Truth With Speedzzter” here]
It is not just the half of American consumers who buy imported vehicles who hate the Detroit 3. Nope. It seems that a fair number of Republican pundits and politicians are anticipating the end of General Motors, Chrysler and maybe even Ford Motor Company.
The echo chamber of last Sunday’s news television was a hostile environment for any talk of helping the Detroit 3 deal with “double whammy” of economic downturn and
$100 Billion Dollars in new fuel economy/greenhouse gas regulations. “Let’em die” was almost the universal sentiment among those who claim to be “conservative.”Adam Smith be praised and millions of auto-related jobs be damned. For example,
“Senator Richard Shelby (R-Ala.), a member of the Senate Banking, Housing, & Urban Affairs Committee, said: ‘The financial straits that the Big Three find themselves is not the product of our current economic downturn, but instead is the legacy of the uncompetitive structure of its manufacturing and labor force. . . . I do not support the use of U.S. taxpayer dollars to reward the mismanagement of Detroit-based auto manufacturers in such a way that allows them to continue and compound their ongoing mistakes.’"
Of course Alabama’s Shelby (not to be confused with Carroll Shelby) is merely doing the bidding of a host of import invaders.
“In Alabama, Asian and European auto companies have set up manufacturing in recent years. Once decimated by the loss of textile jobs, Alabama has attracted assembly plants from Mercedes-Benz (DAI), Hyundai, and Honda, as well as a roster of supplier companies feeding those plants. Foreign auto companies are attracted to the Southeast, where the United Auto Workers have no presence, rather than acquiring empty plants in the North that were organized by the union.”
Senator Shelby is reflecting the quasi-laissez faire “consensus” among elite conservatives (most of which have never deigned to even change a spark plug, much less understand the complexities of automaking) and a universal hatred for unionization in conservative circles. To be sure, the United Auto Workers Union is a central player in the demise of the Detroit 3. FDR-era union organizing laws forced unions on the Detroit 3 in the 1930s. By the 1980s, when the Japanese invader assembly plants started locating in “right to work” states, such as Senator Shelby’s “Sweet Home Alabama,” federal labor policy created a stalemate.
In other words, GM, Ford, Chrysler, American Motors and their various “rust-belt” suppliers were virtually powerless to shed themselves of unions, while their foreign invader competitors received a panoply of tools to avoid unionization. This resulted in a huge cost imbalance that only the gamble of bankruptcy or drastic federal intervention could possibly remedy.
The UAW’s abject failure to unionize the “invader plants” is one of the factors which know-nothings like Senator Shelby attribute to the fault of the Detroit 3. FDR and an earlier generations of liberals saddled GM, Ford and Chrysler with expensive unions and then empowered them to hold the Detroit 3 hostage with “pattern bargaining” that was wholly divorced from the international auto labor market.
This labor structure absolutely prevented and still prevents the Detroit 3 from being able to assemble small cars cheaply enough to compete with lower-wage foreign and non-unionized parts making and assembly operation. Potential profit margins in small cars are, of course, small.
Spotting the products of a Japanese invader auto plant a $1,500-$2,000 cost advantage up front is fatal. Only a few strategies were available to the Detroit 3 that were short of destroying their businesses in bankruptcy in order to reject the UAW contracts and start from “ground zero” with new, non-union “scab” workers (which as we know didn’t work out for Firestone and directly lead to the horrible Firestone/Ford Explorer mess).
Senator Shelby, here's the options that the Detroit 3 realistically had:
First, the Detroit 3 could drastically cut costs. They tried this and we received a generation of uncompetitive “cheap” small cars, such as the Chevrolet Vega, Ford Pinto, and AMC Gremlin. The quality of these UAW-built cars and their tepid successors (Chrysler K-Car, GM’s FWD X-Car and Ford’s Tempo/Topaz) virtually killed the Detroit 3's ability to successfully market to at least two generations of young consumers.
Second, they could move production off-shore to non-union locales. However, the threat of strikes and “pattern bargaining” severely limited this option. Moreover, off-shoring hurts what should be one of the Detroit 3's unique marketing advantages – that their products help the American economy far more than an imported vehicle or one that’s designed and engineered overseas and merely assembled in the non-union parts of America out of mostly imported parts.
Third, they could shed themselves of parts operations and off-shore more of the subassemblies. They did this, but the UAW’s strike threats forced them to continue to eat billions in costs from the “spin-off” parts operations.
Fourth, they could cut costs by extending design cycles and amortizing the millions in tooling costs on small cars. They did this and got eaten alive by the Japanese four-year design cycle.
Fifth, they could comply with federal government-imposed Corporate Average Fuel Economy standards by building just enough money-losing small cars to offset more profitable larger vehicles, and dramatically raise the prices of the larger vehicles to reflect the inherent supply limitations that such an “offset” scheme would produce. This was the Detroit 3 business model for most of the 1980s and 1990s.
CAFE produces a massive distortion in the free market for vehicles. The types of automobiles at which the Detroit 3 led the world in the 1960s were virtually outlawed. As a direct result, Ford was forced to lose money on two or three Escorts or Tempos for every fuel economy-compromised, downsized V8 car it built.
But in a true free market, Ford would have been free to pump up the volume on the types of profitable cars it was best at building. CAFE prevented this. What is worse about CAFE is that it forced the Detroit 3 to market trucks, vans and SUVs to survive. For twenty years, an overwhelming plurality of Americans rejected the sorts of small FWD cars that the federal government sought to force Detroit to build. Literally to stay in business in the sorts of volumes necessary for any chance of profitability and to meet the UAW health care, job bank, and pension obligations, the Detroit 3 had no choice but to build the large vehicles that the market was demanding. They simply could not be automobiles because of CAFE standards.
Sixth, the Detroit 3 could dump the unwanted, government-mandated FWD cars into fleets. They did this for years at great harm. Cars in daily rental and fleet service are typically abused mercilessly. Then they are dumped onto the “program car” market at below-market rates. This hurts the reliability scores and resale values. The Japanese invaders typically avoided the crucible of daily rental fleet operations (in the 1990s, the Detroit 3 held captive major rental companies like Avis and Hertz to insure enough sales to keep their assembly plants operating at minimum levels of profitability). Thus, the market wasn’t flooded every year with thousands of beat-to-death fleet cars trading at half-price.
Senator Shelby and the other “let’em die” defenders of ersatz laissez faire capitalism would have been hard-pressed to do any better, given the landscape created by federal regulations and federal policies. BUT IS “CONSERVING” WHAT’S LEFT OF THE DETROIT 3 REALLY CONSERVATIVE?The arrogant conservative pundits suggest that “we wouldn’t bail out small businesses.” This, of course,
wholly ignores all sorts of federal subsidies for small businesses, such as SBA loans, research and development spending, agriculture subsidies, government contracting assistance, and favorable tax treatments.
The paleocons and economic purists complain that Detroit got themselves into this mess and the taxpayers shouldn’t foot the bill for getting Detroit out of it. But these same paleocons and purists conveniently ignore that the
liberals saddled the Detroit 3 with unions and stood by while Detroit was held hostage to them. They ignore the horrendously expensive environmental and safety regulations that consumed billions over the past forty years in
unfunded compliance costs. They gloss over
Japan’s decades of protectionism that stopped Detroit from adequately investing in Japan and allowed the invaders companies shelter to develop their businesses free from active competition with Detroit. They can’t see that we’re competing with foreign governments who directly and indirectly subsidize the “invasion.”
They lament that once we stray from regulating the Detroit 3 into oblivion and actually provide some financial assistance to pay for these non-market-based regulations and mandates, then where would we stop. They claim that the airlines would be next. This argument presumes that complex industrial businesses are the same as service businesses.
But putting together a service business such as an airline (especially in the age of deregulation) is comparative child's play to starting a new U.S. automaker. It has been done repeatedly since the 1970s. Buy some aircraft and ground equipment; obtain some gate rights at airports; rent a reservation system and buy some ads. Although it takes a large investment, it is nothing like starting a automaker from scratch.
The Detroit 3 are unique, core industrial entities that cannot be readily duplcated in the U.S.A.No one has successfully started an automaker in the Western world since the hyper-regulated automobile became the norm. No one. Raising the capital and putting together the complex design, supplier, manufacturing, marketing, and national distribution systems from scratch is a daunting task. It takes years and billions of dollars to bring a new product to market. Federal and state certification costs run into the millions for even modest changes.
Therefore, once one or all of the Detroit 3 are dead, it would take a miracle of biblical proportions for anyone to ever successfully start a domestic auto company again in the U.S.A. in the current overly-regulated environment. No new generation of Henry Fords need even try for they will surely fail. An automaker cannot be successfully grown in the U.S. like Sam Walton’s Wal-Mart or other low-tech service business. If the Detroit 3 are slaughtered by Washington hubris, we may still have some non-union “invader” assembly plants banging out foreign designs constructed out of imported parts.
But we will have lost the heart and soul of America’s industrial base forever.CONGRESS SHOULD APPLY THE POTTERY BARN RULE FOR THE DETROIT 3General Powell posited the “Pottery Barn” rule for Iraq:
“you break it, you bought it.”
In fairness, a similar rule ought to apply to the Detroit 3. Washington D.C.’s "auto experts" broke Detroit (with the willing assistance of the greed-soaked unions, non-laissez faire governments in Asia and Europe, and millions of myopic American consumers who couldn’t see past their own selfish interests to what was good for America as a whole). Now it is up to Washington D.C.'s "auto experts" to fix it.
They “broke it,” so they should be obligated to “buy it” long enough to correct the market disruptions of the past and put the Detroit 3 on an internationally-level playing field.At the heart of conservatism is the principle of responsibility.
Certainly, if the Detroit 3 had ruined their businesses without decades of meddling by federal and state governments, the ersatz laissez faire arguments would have some validity.
But we as a country killed the free market for Detroit 3 labor in the 1930s and destroyed the free market for their vehicles in the 1960s and 1970s.
We cannot get back to a level playing field and a free market without severe and decisive federal intervention. Those who cannot see this are either shilling for a special interest (i.e. Senator Shelby) or are so blinded by an ideology that they cannot appreciate or comprehend the current reality.
Regardless of the causes, to fail to act now out of some imaginary fealty to selectively-held "free market principles" would be the height of irresponsibility.
Conserve the Detroit 3!Labels: AMC Gremlin, Chevrolet Vega, Detroit Bailout, Economic Crisis, Ford Mistakes, Ford Motor Company, Ford Pinto, GM, K-Cars, Richard Shelby, Tempo, Topaz, X-Cars